|
Environment |
Environmental protection costs
(current prices; bln. rubles)
|
|
1995 |
20002) |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
2132 |
158 |
281 |
374 |
578 |
786 |
967 |
864 |
1197 |
1398 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current outlays on environmental protection |
1381 |
119 |
205 |
274 |
414 |
580 |
720 |
623 |
818 |
991 |
|
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
protection and rational use of water resources |
1019 |
61 |
122 |
166 |
227 |
303 |
362 |
417 |
532 |
623 |
|
atmospheric air protection |
273 |
50 |
64 |
79 |
148 |
213 |
274 |
102 |
137 |
186 |
|
land protection against pollution |
63 |
7 |
17 |
25 |
34 |
56 |
76 |
92 |
133 |
163 |
|
Costs of capital repair of fixed assets intended for environmental protection |
153 |
6 |
12 |
17 |
25 |
21 |
26 |
28 |
36 |
41 |
|
Maintenance costs of nature reserves and national parks; outlays on biotechnical measures intended for conservation and reproduction of wild animals |
28 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
15 |
32 |
34 |
61 |
72 |
|
Investments in fixed capital intended for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources |
568 |
30 |
58 |
74 |
130 |
170 |
189 |
179 |
282 |
294 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
protection and rational use of water resources |
383 |
11 |
13 |
27 |
49 |
72 |
86 |
63 |
96 |
122 |
|
atmospheric air protection |
111 |
9 |
31 |
26 |
45 |
55 |
17 |
26 |
93 |
76 |
|
protection and rational use of land |
68 |
10 |
13 |
18 |
33 |
35 |
63 |
82 |
75 |
91 |
_______________
1) Excluding expenditures on administrative and controlling environmental bodies and current expenditures on related research work, environmental education, popularization, etc.
2) In terms of the new denomination (1 new ruble is equivalent to 1000 old rubles).
Main indicators of air polluting emissions from stationary sources
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Total air polluting emissions from stationary sources, thsd. tons |
528,3 |
388,3 |
391,6 |
379,2 |
371,8 |
415,3 |
403,7 |
423,3 |
408,2 |
396,1 |
|
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
solid |
57,3 |
45,0 |
45,0 |
43,2 |
41,9 |
44,8 |
44,0 |
45,6 |
45,7 |
47,4 |
|
gaseous and liquid |
471,0 |
343,3 |
346,6 |
336,0 |
329,9 |
370,5 |
359,7 |
377,7 |
362,5 |
348,7 |
|
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sulphur dioxide |
223,8 |
108,9 |
109,7 |
102,2 |
90,1 |
88,8 |
73,9 |
87,7 |
80,6 |
64,0 |
|
carbon monoxide |
102,0 |
92,3 |
96,9 |
92,2 |
95,7 |
102,4 |
104,4 |
107,7 |
92,9 |
88,5 |
|
nitrogen dioxide |
55,6 |
52,3 |
51,5 |
54,4 |
55,8 |
59,1 |
59,1 |
61,1 |
55,2 |
54,7 |
|
hydrocarbons (excluding volatile organic compounds) |
9,4 |
15,0 |
11,7 |
12,0 |
13,2 |
32,5 |
31,7 |
32,0 |
33,4 |
35,4 |
|
non-methane volatile organic compounds |
70,8 |
60,4 |
61,6 |
61,5 |
62,7 |
72,2 |
73,5 |
71,6 |
72,4 |
76,5 |
|
Captured and neutralized pollutants from stationary sources, thsd. tons |
2056,6 |
2742,9 |
2998,6 |
2843,0 |
2902,0 |
2724,9 |
2595,9 |
2540,5 |
||
|
as % of total amount of pollutants from stationary sources |
80 |
88 |
88 |
88 |
89 |
88 |
88 |
87 |
87 |
87 |
|
Utilized pollutants captured by gas-cleaning plants, thsd. tons |
1785,6 |
2514,1 |
2788,8 |
2607,2 |
2632,3 |
2474,0 |
2340,1 |
2262,8 |
Air polluting emissions from stationary sources by selected towns
(thsd. tons)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
4,0 |
2,8 |
2,7 |
2,7 |
2,5 |
3,1 |
3,2 |
3,5 |
3,2 |
3,2 |
|
|
2,3 |
2,3 |
2,5 |
2,4 |
2,4 |
2,7 |
2,6 |
2,7 |
2,0 |
2,0 |
|
|
6,2 |
6,1 |
6,5 |
5,8 |
3,4 |
3,5 |
2,9 |
3,2 |
2,4 |
2,5 |
|
|
15,6 |
8,1 |
6,8 |
6,1 |
6,2 |
6,1 |
5,5 |
5,6 |
4,5 |
4,3 |
|
|
2,8 |
3,0 |
3,1 |
2,9 |
2,9 |
3,0 |
2,9 |
2,5 |
3,0 |
5,0 |
|
|
8,3 |
3,8 |
3,6 |
3,4 |
3,2 |
3,0 |
2,5 |
2,5 |
2,1 |
1,9 |
|
|
81,6 |
51,5 |
53,6 |
52,3 |
52,0 |
55,0 |
54,2 |
64,0 |
80,0 |
58,6 |
|
|
15,4 |
12,7 |
14,4 |
13,7 |
13,3 |
14,3 |
14,0 |
15,2 |
12,2 |
13,6 |
|
|
6,3 |
4,4 |
4,8 |
5,0 |
4,6 |
4,5 |
4,5 |
4,6 |
4,6 |
4,7 |
|
|
4,7 |
4,5 |
4,7 |
4,2 |
4,0 |
3,9 |
3,2 |
2,6 |
1,9 |
1,5 |
|
|
16,2 |
12,3 |
12,9 |
12,7 |
12,0 |
12,7 |
12,9 |
13,7 |
12,2 |
12,4 |
|
|
2,7 |
2,5 |
2,4 |
1,9 |
1,8 |
1,9 |
1,9 |
1,9 |
1,8 |
1,9 |
|
|
58,4 |
34,2 |
35,8 |
36,1 |
35,9 |
40,0 |
38,7 |
40,4 |
33,2 |
37,4 |
|
|
10,8 |
9,8 |
9,9 |
10,5 |
11,2 |
7,1 |
6,8 |
7,2 |
6,9 |
6,1 |
|
|
5,7 |
3,3 |
3,3 |
2,6 |
2,5 |
2,5 |
3,5 |
4,4 |
4,0 |
3,9 |
|
|
4,7 |
3,3 |
3,3 |
3,2 |
3,3 |
3,3 |
3,4 |
3,6 |
3,7 |
3,2 |
|
|
3,9 |
2,4 |
1,7 |
1,4 |
1,6 |
1,6 |
1,6 |
1,7 |
1,4 |
1,8 |
|
|
29,3 |
10,7 |
10,7 |
10,5 |
8,2 |
8,5 |
7,8 |
7,9 |
7,1 |
7,2 |
|
|
11,8 |
9,0 |
9,1 |
8,2 |
7,2 |
9,4 |
8,4 |
9,7 |
8,9 |
8,6 |
Air polluting emissions from stationary sources by selected towns, per inhabitant
(kilograms)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
13 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
8 |
11 |
12 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
13 |
14 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
13 |
15 |
16 |
12 |
12 |
|
|
46 |
47 |
50 |
44 |
26 |
25 |
22 |
25 |
18 |
19 |
|
|
41 |
23 |
19 |
17 |
18 |
16 |
16 |
16 |
13 |
12 |
|
|
26 |
21 |
22 |
21 |
20 |
18 |
24 |
18 |
21 |
36 |
|
|
95 |
46 |
43 |
42 |
39 |
36 |
30 |
30 |
25 |
23 |
|
|
843 |
481 |
499 |
487 |
486 |
515 |
507 |
599 |
750 |
548 |
|
|
30 |
26 |
29 |
28 |
27 |
26 |
28 |
31 |
25 |
27 |
|
|
84 |
60 |
66 |
70 |
64 |
62 |
63 |
65 |
65 |
68 |
|
|
45 |
40 |
42 |
38 |
36 |
34 |
28 |
23 |
17 |
13 |
|
|
53 |
40 |
41 |
41 |
38 |
39 |
41 |
43 |
38 |
37 |
|
|
24 |
25 |
24 |
20 |
19 |
17 |
20 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
|
|
34 |
20 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
20 |
22 |
23 |
18 |
21 |
|
|
107 |
96 |
97 |
103 |
110 |
63 |
68 |
68 |
69 |
60 |
|
|
88 |
36 |
52 |
41 |
41 |
40 |
56 |
71 |
66 |
64 |
|
|
36 |
22 |
22 |
21 |
22 |
21 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
22 |
|
|
39 |
24 |
17 |
14 |
16 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
14 |
18 |
|
|
80 |
30 |
30 |
29 |
22 |
23 |
21 |
21 |
19 |
19 |
|
|
51 |
41 |
41 |
37 |
33 |
38 |
38 |
44 |
41 |
39 |
Forest regeneration and protection against pests and diseases
(hectares)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Reforestation and afforestation, total |
22555 |
38318 |
40435 |
43338 |
46178 |
53636 |
51471 |
56217 |
54988 |
50006 |
|
Of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forest planting and sowing |
20187 |
33025 |
33226 |
36169 |
40402 |
47468 |
45031 |
48662 |
48069 |
43135 |
|
Assisting natural forest regeneration and preservation of young growth |
2368 |
5293 |
7209 |
7169 |
5776 |
6168 |
6440 |
7555 |
6919 |
6871 |
|
Forest area biologically protected against pests and diseases |
42422 |
19292 |
20760 |
30430 |
24066 |
22617 |
21622 |
22339 |
22726 |
22623 |
|
Forest area chemically protected against pests and diseases |
13577 |
285 |
2192 |
2645 |
4382 |
4813 |
9533 |
693 |
194 |
2423 |
Reforestation and afforestation
(ha)
(as of November 1)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Number of fires, cases |
3257 |
2569 |
1111 |
5274 |
2027 |
1121 |
1114 |
3252 |
1079 |
673 |
|
Total area affected by forest fires, ha |
5645,1 |
1931,0 |
442,8 |
22282,3 |
4362,6 |
586,6 |
344,6 |
2515,7 |
662,0 |
440,5 |
|
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
forested area affected by fires |
3780,2 |
1760,1 |
359,2 |
10107,7 |
3080,5 |
559,5 |
321,9 |
2508,4 |
612,7 |
410,6 |
|
unforested area affected by fires |
1864,9 |
170,9 |
83,6 |
12174,6 |
1282,1 |
27,1 |
22,7 |
7,3 |
49,3 |
29,9 |
|
Burnt and damaged standing timber, thsd. m3 |
57699,0 |
38539,0 |
2809,5 |
199763,6 |
90197,2 |
9447,8 |
6332,1 |
39940,1 |
4517,2 |
14511,6 |
Number of forest fires and forest area affected by fires
Nature reserves and national parks
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Number of nature reserves |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
Area of nature reserves, thsd. ha |
361 |
296 |
296 |
296 |
296 |
297 |
297 |
297 |
298 |
298 |
Number of national parks |
1 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
Area of national parks, thsd. ha |
88 |
333 |
333 |
333 |
333 |
398 |
398 |
398 |
398 |
398 |
Game husbandry1)
Major indicators of game husbandry maintenance
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Number of game husbandry |
216 |
232 |
239 |
238 |
238 |
252 |
249 |
254 |
251 |
252 |
|
Area of hunting grounds |
17,2 |
16,9 |
17,1 |
17,1 |
17,6 |
17,2 |
16,8 |
16,7 |
16,5 |
16,5 |
Expenditures on biotechnical measures for conservation and reproduction of wild animals (current prices), mln. rubles |
1955,6 |
184,9 2) |
350,7 |
423,6 |
672,6 |
897,9 |
1207,8 |
1925,1 |
3091,0 |
3864,9 |
of which: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Settling wild animals and birds |
139,8 |
- |
0,4 |
- |
20,3 |
5,7 |
5,1 |
267,0 |
246,4 |
100,2 |
Acquisition and spreading of supplementary feeding for wild animals |
717,3 |
49,4 |
135,2 |
165,8 |
340,6 |
417,9 |
584,1 |
1276,7 |
2431,6 |
2917,8 |
Expenditures on census of wild animals (current prices), mln. rubles |
õ |
õ |
õ |
õ |
õ |
õ |
õ |
16,2 |
22,4 |
61,7 |
_____________________
2) In terms of the new denomination (1 new ruble is equivalent to 1000 old rubles)
Population of major game animals
(thsd. animal units)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Elk |
13,0 |
14,9 |
15,2 |
15,1 |
15,7 |
16,1 |
15,6 |
16,2 |
17,7 |
19,6 |
|
Deer |
5,3 |
4,1 |
4,7 |
4,5 |
4,8 |
5,0 |
4,9 |
5,7 |
6,8 |
8,1 |
|
Boar |
24,2 |
31,2 |
33,0 |
34,2 |
36,2 |
38,1 |
38,6 |
43,2 |
47,9 |
56,0 |
|
Roe |
31,8 |
46,5 |
48,0 |
48,1 |
49,6 |
51,9 |
50,4 |
50,9 |
53,0 |
59,1 |
|
Squirrel |
116,9 |
106,6 |
121,7 |
117,1 |
120,4 |
128,8 |
105,9 |
101,5 |
113,4 |
127,3 |
|
Hare |
228,4 |
218,1 |
219,9 |
222,0 |
224,0 |
220,9 |
206,5 |
198,7 |
181,3 |
179,0 |
|
Fox |
29,5 |
42,3 |
42,6 |
39,3 |
39,2 |
34,8 |
39,3 |
47,1 |
40,0 |
41,0 |
|
Musk-rat |
20,6 |
54,2 |
78,4 |
76,6 |
76,4 |
73,9 |
70,9 |
59,9 |
54,4 |
50,3 |
|
Mink |
9,7 |
16,1 |
16,5 |
18,3 |
19,6 |
19,9 |
20,5 |
19,7 |
19,3 |
20,3 |
|
Beaver |
18,3 |
27,3 |
31,9 |
32,7 |
41,0 |
43,1 |
48,0 |
52,5 |
58,8 |
59,6 |
|
Wood grouse |
6,5 |
8,2 |
8,6 |
8,9 |
9,2 |
9,1 |
9,1 |
9,3 |
9,2 |
8,9 |
|
Grouse |
50,7 |
50,7 |
51,4 |
50,5 |
49,5 |
47,7 |
47,0 |
45,7 |
41,6 |
41,2 |
Take (removal) of major game animals
(units)
|
|
1995 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|
Elk |
373 |
252 |
369 |
445 |
514 |
582 |
659 |
744 |
990 |
1159 |
|
Deer |
251 |
146 |
156 |
170 |
169 |
140 |
186 |
412 |
329 |
441 |
|
Boar |
1669 |
2895 |
3430 |
4200 |
4647 |
6279 |
5826 |
7861 |
13371 |
18913 |
|
Roe |
824 |
1788 |
2269 |
2789 |
3130 |
2907 |
3105 |
2912 |
3562 |
4402 |
|
Squirrel |
5049 |
4972 |
4942 |
4563 |
3712 |
4025 |
2220 |
1859 |
2220 |
2555 |
|
Hare |
71225 |
63197 |
70553 |
72585 |
60220 |
60362 |
53130 |
43432 |
55804 |
53713 |
|
Fox |
3794 |
16583 |
17131 |
19574 |
16095 |
16927 |
22790 |
28040 |
31999 |
25838 |
|
Musk-rat |
46 |
4666 |
6426 |
5278 |
3855 |
2881 |
2903 |
2506 |
3409 |
2860 |
|
Mink |
510 |
2163 |
2106 |
2457 |
2364 |
1977 |
1682 |
1765 |
2267 |
2309 |
|
Beaver |
74 |
175 |
156 |
108 |
225 |
197 |
243 |
413 |
2129 |
2220 |
|
Wood grouse |
33 |
80 |
84 |
109 |
100 |
90 |
123 |
81 |
140 |
151 |
|
Grouse |
2276 |
2263 |
1868 |
1788 |
1808 |
1697 |
1179 |
314 |
247 |
332 |